Centrifugal governor.



E. G. CROOKS.

GENTRIFUGAL GOVERNOR.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 30. 1914.

1,1 08,709 Patented Aug. 25, 1914.

3 SHEETSSHEET 1.

WW @MMM MN W I THE NORRIS PETERS COu P'HOTO-LITHO. WASHINGTON. D. F.

E. G. CROOKS.

OENTRIFUGAL GOVERNOR.

APPLICATION IILBD MAR. 30. 1914.

1, 1 08,709,, Patented Aug. 25, 1914.

3 SHBBTSSHEET 2.

THE NORRIS PETERS CO. PHOTO-LITHO. WASHINGTON, D. C.

E. G. CROOKS.

GENTRIFUGAL GOVERNOR. APPLICATION FILED MAR. 30, 1914.

1,1 08,709. Patented Aug. 25, 1914,

3 8HEETS-SHEET 8.

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MW. fiukWj hw THE NORRIS PETERS CO.. PHOTOJ-ITHOI. WASHINGTON. D C.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EARL G. CROOKS, OF BUCYRUS, OHIO, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-FOURTH TO EDWARD VOLL-RATI-I, ONE-FOURTH TO JOHN MARTINITZ, AND ONE-FOURTH T0 F. A. WISE, ALLOF BUCYRUS, OHIO.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filerl March 30, 1914. Serial No. 828,341.

Patented Aug. 25, 1914:.

To all whom it may concern: a

Be it known that I, EARL G. Cnooxs, citizen of the United States ofAmerica, and resident of Bucyrus, in the county of Crawford and State ofOhio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Cen' trifugalGovernors, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to that class of governors in which centrifugalforce developed by the revolution of radially movable bodies and whichis, therefore, proportional to the speed of revolution, is utilized forthe purpose of regulating apparatus with which it is associated, as forinstance controlling the power of a prime mover; and particularly tothat class of such governors in which the mass for developing motion isin the form of radially movable balls acting upon levers.

The object of the present invention is to provide a. centrifugalgovernor of this kind which shall not only be simple and durableinconstruction, but shall attain the desired results more accurately andin a manner that is mechanically more effective.

To these ends, the invention consists primarily in so relating theinertia masses to the levers upon which they act and so disposing theresisting springs relatively to said levers, that whereas the paths ofthe free ends of the levers start at considerable angles to the axes ofdistention of the resisting springs, they gradually approach parallelismtherewith, so that the resistance to the inertia bodies graduallyincreases; the angle of centrifugal moment to the path of the leversalso gradually increasing so as to gradually reduce ratio of movement ofthe actuating levers for a given movement of the inertia members. Theseends are best attained by providing a rotary governor head with radialguide-ways for the balls, which confine the balls at least in adirection to compel rotation with the head, and to offset the fulcrumsof the actuating levers in the direction of the axis of revolution sothat the free ends of the levers extend across the ball guides, whilethe resisting springs connected to said free ends extend on the oppositesides of the balls from the lever fulcrums and have anchorage on thegovernor shaft that is considerably offset from the levers.

The invention will be fully understood upon reference to theaccompanying drawings, in which Figure l is an elevation of oneembodiment of the several features of the present invention; Fig. 2 is atop plan view of the same, shown partly in section; Fig. 3 is a viewsimilar to Fig. 1, showing another embodiment of the invention; and Fig.4 a top plan view ofthe same; Figs. 5 and 6 are views of theconstructions shown in Figs. 1 and 3, respectively, but in positions atright angles thereto.

'Upon'the governor shaft 1 adapted to rotate upon the fixed shaft l iskeyed the governor head 2. According to the embodiment shown in Figsl, 2and 5, the head 52 carries the ball guides 3 adapted to confine theballs 4 in all directions except radially,

while lever brackets 5 projecting down- 1 the arms. 7 being connectedwith tensionsprings 8 which extend inwardly toward the axis ofrevolution, but away from the balls and on the opposite sides of theballs from the actuating lever fulcrums, and to a point offset from theballs in the direction of the axis of revolution where the springs aresuitably anchored, preferably through means of a rotating anchoringpiece 9 supported through anti-friction bearings upon the step 10. Thestep 10 is keyed to the non-rotating shaft 1 and said shaft is dividedfrom and connectedto the lower shaft 1", through the medium of a screwadjustment 1. A knurled head 11 is provided for rotating the shaftsection 1 to raise and lower it and consequently to modify the tensionon the springs 8. v

The transmitting ends 12 of the actuating lovers are in the form ofinwardly extending arms engaging with the transmitting sleeve 13, towhich is yoked in a well known manner, a transmitting lever 14 that inglevers are in the form of inwardly exmay be utilized for moving the partto be regulated by the speed of-the governor;

The embodiment shown in Figs. 3, 4 and 6 difiers from that alreadydescribed, only in that the ball guides 3 are constructed to confine theballs only in the direction to enforce revolution; the free arms 7 ofthe actuating levers being constructed with embracing fingers 7, 7, toprevent displacement of the balls vertically; the fulcrum arms 5 beingcarried by the ball guides as in the previous instance.

With both of theconstructions shown, the offset of the fulcrums 6 andthe projection of the free arms of the actuating levers across the ballguides, together with the described disposition of the tension-springsimposes paths of movement upon the free ends of the actuating levers,which are aproximately transverse to the axes of distention of theresisting springs at the commencement of the balls movements, butgradually approach parallelism with such axes of distention, withconsequent increase in the spring resistance, as the balls increasetheir radial distances and centrifugal ef-.

fort. In this manner, the effect of the revolving mass may be properlygraduated and the amplitude of movement to be transmitted to the powercontrolling element, rendered proportional or in constant ratio to thespeed of revolution throughout the governor movement.

According to the form shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 5, the balls bear againstthe free arms of the actuating levers with slowly increasing leverage,while in the embodiment shown in Figs. 3, 4: and 6, the balls maintain aconstant distance from the lever fulcrums and the ballsconsequently actwith decreased effect as the radius of each lever increases its angle tothe plane of centrifugal. effect.

I claim 1. In a centrifugal governor, a revolving governor head, havingsubstantially radial ball guides, balls fitted to said guides andpartaking of the revolution of said head, actuating levers extendingacross the ball guides, in positions to receive the radial effortdeveloped by the balls, and having fulcrums offset from the balls in thedirection of the axis of revolution of the governor, and tension-springsconnected with the free ends of the actuating levers and having ananchorage axially offset in the direction opposite to that of theactuating lever fulcrums.

2. In a centrifugal governor, a revolving governor head, havingsubstantially radial ball guides,'balls fitted to said guides andpartaking of the revolution of said head, fulcrum-brackets carried byand extending in the direction of the axis of revolution from saidball-guides, actuating levers ex tendin across the ball guides, inpositions to receive theradial effort developed by the balls, and havingfulcrums located on said fulcrum-brackets and thereby offset from theballs in the direction of the axis of revolution of the governor, andtension-springs connected with the free ends of the actuating levers andhaving an anchorage axially offset in the direction opposite to that ofthe actuating lever fulcrums.

3. In a centrifugal governor, a revolving governor head, havingsubstantially radial. ball guides, balls fitted to said guides andpartaking of the revolution of said head, actuating levers extendingacross the ball guides, in positions to receive the radial effortdeveloped by the balls, and having fulcrums offset from the balls in thedirection of the axis of revolution of the governor, and tension-springsconnected with the free ends of the actuating levers and having ananchorage axially offset in the direction opposite to that of theactuating lever fulcrums; said actuating levers having transmitting armsextending from their fulcrums toward the axis of revolution, and anaxially sliding sleeve being provided to receivesaid transmitting arms.

4. In a centrifugal governor, a governor shaft, a revolving governorhead. having substantially radial ball guides. balls fitted to saidguides and partaking of the revolution of said head, actuating leversextending across the ball guides, in positions to receive' the radialeffort developed by the balls, and having fulcrums offset from the ballsin the direction of the axis of revolution of the governor, andtension-springs connected with the free ends of the actuating levers andhaving an axially adjustable anchorage member mounted on the governorshaft and axially offset in the direction opposite to that of theactuating lever fulcrums.

5. In a centrifugal governor, a governor shaft, a revolving governorhead, having substantially radial ball guides, balls fitted to saidguidesand partaking of the revolution of said head, actuating leversextending across the ball guides, in positions to receive the radialeffort developed by the I point axially offset in the direction oppositeto that of the actuating lever fulcrums, and having means for axiallyadjusting it relatively to said shaft for regulating tension of thesprings.

6. In a centrifugal governor, a revolving governor head, havingsubstantially radial ball guides, balls fitted to said guides andpartaking of the revolution of said head, ac tuating levers extendingacross the ball guides, in positions to receive the radial effortdeveloped by the balls, and having fulcrums ofi set from the balls inthe direction of the axis of revolution of the governor, andtension-springs connected with the free ends of the actuating levers andhaving an anchorage axially offset in the direction opposite to that ofthe actuating lever fulcrums; said actuating levers being constructed toembrace the balls in the direction to prevent vertical displacement ofthe balls relative to the levers.

7. In a centrifugal governor, a revolving governor head, havingsubstantially radial ball guides, balls fitted to said guides andpartaking of the revolution of said head, actuating levers extendingacross the ball guides, in positions to receive the radial effortdeveloped by the balls, and having fulcrums offset from the balls in thedirection of the axis of revolution of the governor, and tension-springsconnectedwith the free ends of the actuating levers and having ananchorage axially offset in the direction opposite to that of theactuating lever fulcrums; said actuating levers being constructed toembrace the balls in the direction to prevent vertical displacement ofthe balls relatively to the levers, and said ball guides comprising eacha pair of vertical radial walls.

8. In a centrifugal governor, a revolving governor head, havingsubstantially radial ball guides, balls fitted to said guides andpartaking of the revolution of said head, actuating levers extendingacross the ball guides, in positions to receive the radial effortdeveloped by the balls, and having fulcruins offset from the balls inthe direction with the free ends of the actuating levers and having ananchorage axially offset in the direction opposite to that of theactuating lever fulcrurns; said actuating levers having non-adjustabletransmitting connections with said sleeve and said spring anchoragebeing adjustable at will.

9. In a centrifugal governor, the combination of a vertical governorshaft, a governor head mounted to revolve upon said shaft andconstructed with a pair of opposite radial ball guides, balls movable insaid guides, radially to the shaft, fulcrumbrackets carried by andextending downwardly from the ball guides at points radially remote fromthe axis of revolution of the governor, actuating levers fulcrurned onsaid brackets having free arms extending therefrom upwardly across theball-guides in position to receive the radial effort of the balls, andhaving transmitting arms extending from said fulcrums inward toward thegovernor shaft, an axially sliding transmitting sleeve receiving saidtransmitting arms, a pair of springs extending from the free ends ofsaid levers upwardly and inwardly toward the governor shaft, and ananchorage member to which the upper ends of the springs are connectedcarried by said governor shaft, above the ball guides.

The foregoing specification signed at Bucyrus, Ohio, this 11 day ofMarch, 1914-.

EARL G. CROOKS. In presence of two witnesses EDWARD VOLLRATH, MARY K.Srnnns.

Copies of thin patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. 0.

